The FCA fined firms and individuals a total of GBP1.23 billion in 2014 for market integrity related breaches, which included abusive market behaviour such as: manipulation, insider dealing, FX failings and benchmark (i.e. Libor) manipulation.
That’s according to Kinetic Partners’ annual Global Enforcement Review which draws on publicly available data from financial services regulators across the UK, US and Hong Kong to assess regulatory trends and their effects on the financial services industry.
Kinetic Partners’ research also found that market integrity was the second most cited offence among fines filed by the FCA against either firms or individuals, totalling 10 for the year, behind customer protection, which accounted for 16 fines. However, despite fewer actions being taken against market integrity breaches, this classification nevertheless accounted for a greater share of the sum total of fines than any other category of violation during that period. In total the FCA handed down fines of GBP91.6m for customer protection.
Kinetic Partners also found that fraud/deliberate misconduct accounted for seven of the fines amounting to GBP1.59 million and compliance failure accounted for seven fines amounting to GBP149.1 million in penalties.
Outside of the UK, market integrity was a focus of regulators in other jurisdictions as well. In the US, for example, the number of insider trading cases brought by the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in 2014 (52) was 18% higher than in 2013, when there were 44 actions. The number of market manipulation cases at the SEC increased as well to 63 in 2014, up from 50 in 2013. 2014 also saw the SEC bring its first enforcement action for market manipulation against a high frequency trader.
Monique Melis (pictured), Managing Director and Global Head of Regulatory Consulting at Kinetic Partners, says: “Regulators are particularly focused on cases of market integrity and consumer protection, as they face continued pressure from politicians to demonstrate to the public that the industry is moving in the right direction. The large fines imposed in these areas of enforcement act as a valuable tool for deterrence. Firms’ investment in controls must increasingly reflect this and they should have a robust central monitoring function and compliance system in place to ensure that both the firm and its employees are operating with integrity.”
Simon Appleton, Director of Regulatory Consulting at Kinetic Partners, says: “The best way firms can protect themselves against enforcement, other than through prevention techniques, is to identify abuse and report the suspicion before it comes to the regulator’s attention. The public expects fair and orderly markets and level playing fields; they expect those operating in the markets and employed by regulated firms to act with integrity and in the consumers’ best interests. This means, it is the obligation and burden of those firms and employees to maintain market confidence.”
